A cohort study is conducted to assess the association between clinical characteristics of hypertension and the risk of stroke.

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Task 1

Read the scenario below and complete the questions that follow.

A cohort study is conducted to assess the association between clinical characteristics of hypertension and the risk of stroke. The study involves 1,250 (n) participants who are free of stroke at the start of the study. Each participant is assessed at the study start (baseline) and every year thereafter for five years. The data on hypertension status measured at baseline and at two years is as follows:

  2 Years: Not hypertensive 2 Years: Hypertensive
Baseline: Not hypertensive 850 148
Baseline: Hypertensive 45 207

· Compute the prevalence of hypertension at baseline.

· Compute the prevalence of hypertension at two years.

· Compute the incidence of hypertension over two years.

 

Task 2

The data on hypertension status measured at baseline and five years is as follows:

  Free of Stroke at 5 Years Stroke
Baseline: Not hypertensive 952 46
Baseline: Hypertensive 234 18

Complete the following:

· Compute the cumulative incidence of stroke in the study.

· Compute the cumulative incidence of stroke in patients classified as hypertensive at baseline.

· Compute the cumulative incidence of stroke in patients free of hypertension at baseline.

· Compute the risk difference of stroke for patients with hypertension as compared to patients free of hypertension.

· Compute the relative risk of stroke for patients with hypertension as compared to patients free of hypertension.

· Compute the population-attributable risk of stroke due to hypertension.