CONSEQUENTIALIST THEORIES

CONSEQUENTIALIST THEORIES: MAXIMIZE THE Chapter 5 GOOD MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. A true ethical egoist chooses actions that a are exceptionally altruistic. b. lead him to self-indulgent or reckless behavior e provide him with whatever he wants. d. promote his own self-interests. 2. The philosopher who said that the greatest good is pleasure, and the greatest evil is pain, was Kant c. Aquinas b. Epicurus d Socrates 3. Joel Feinberg argues that someone who directly pursues happiness will find it faster than others. c. is unlikely to find it is insincere dis unlikely to pursue anything a b 4. Ethical egoism seems to conflict with a. psychological egoism. b our considered moral judgments and our moral experience. c our considered moral judgments and our self-interest d. our moral experience and self-indulgence. 5. Suppose for someone there are only two possible actions: (1) read Aristotle, or (2) spend a weekend on a tropical isle filled with intensely pleasurable debauchery. Under these circumstances, John Stuart Mill would likely a spend a week in intensely pleasurable debauchery. b. refrain from making such a choice. c. combine reading Aristotle with debauchery. d. read Aristotle 6. If, according to Jeremy Bentham, only the total quantity of happiness produced by an action matters, then the person closest to the moral ideal would be e self monk c. the academic scholar b. the glutton da disciplined soldier a. 7. John Stuart Mill says, “It is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied, better to be Socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied.” This sentiment is an indictment of the glutton but also a pat on the back for those who a make no distinction between higher and lower pleasures. b. avoid all pleasures c. enjoy higher pleasures. dachieve the greatest quantity of pleasure. 8. John Stuart Mill says that humans by nature desire happiness and nothing but happiness therefore happiness is the standard by which we should judge human conduct and therefore the principle of utility is at the heart of morality. But this argument is controversial, because a. it reasons from what is to what should be b. it equivocates on the word “happiness.” c. it is internally inconsistent d. Mill failed to defend his theory 9. Consider a scenario involving the possible killing of an innocent person for the good of others