What is gap analysis as it relates to Safety Management Systems and is it important?

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What is gap analysis as it relates to Safety Management Systems and is it important?
First, view the video on the space shuttle accident from NOVA:

NOVA: Columbia Disaster (53:35)

In this discussion, post your response to the following:

Explain how conducting this gap analysis might have changed the organizational structure at NASA leading up to the Columbia accident and provide two gap analysis examples.